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At Yad Vashem, what pope doesn't say makes waves
Pope's speech at a key Holocaust site draws mixed reviews
May. 11, 2009
Jerusalem
Pope Benedict XVI has long been a figure who draws mixed reactions, with many admiring his clarity and intellectual depth, and others turned off by his traditionalism and occasional lack of a popular touch.
The pontiff's keenly anticipated visit today to Yad Vashem, the main Israeli Holocaust memorial, is likely to become another chapter in Benedict's mixed reviews. Some are likely to see it as a stirring poetic meditation on memory and justice, while others will probably be more struck what the pope didn't say than what he did.
For one thing, there's no explicit expression of regret for Christian anti-Semitism, no allusion to the role that currents of thought within Christianity about Jews and Judaism may have played in preparing the soil for the Holocaust.
The omission is all the more striking given that on other occasions, Benedict XVI has acknowledged precisely that point. In a 1990 essay in L'Osservatore Romano, for example, then-Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger wrote of the hatred of Jews which led to the Holocaust, "it cannot be denied that a certain insufficient resistance to its atrocity on the part of Christians can be explained by an inherited anti-Judaism present in the hearts of not a few Christians."
Pope John Paul II, during his own visit to Yad Vashem in 2000, said that the Catholic church "is deeply saddened by the hatred, acts of persecution and displays of anti-Semitism directed against the Jews by Christians at any time and in any place."
In Benedict's address today, there was also no direct reference to the recent controversy involving Bishop Richard Williamson, a member of the breakaway traditionalist society of St. Pius X, whose excommunication, along with three other traditionalist prelates, was recently lifted by Pope Benedict. That act became a cause célèbre because Williamson has a long record of minimizing the Holocaust, including the assertion that the Nazis did not use gas chambers and that far fewer than six million Jews died in the Holocaust.
Benedict did, however, insist that the suffering of the "millions of Jews" who perished should "never be denied, belittled or forgotten."
Equally striking, the pontiff never alluded to his own personal experience of the Second World War. The young Joseph Ratzinger was briefly and involuntarily enrolled in the Hitler Youth, and was later drafted into the German army. He ended the war in an American prisoner of war camp near Ulm, Germany.
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Generally speaking, Benedict XVI does not draw upon his own biography in public in the style of John Paul, who recalled his experience growing up in Poland under the Nazis during his 2000 address at Yad Vashem. Nevertheless, if ever there were an occasion that seemed to beckon such a touch, a German pontiff visiting Yad Vashem would seem to be it.
Moreover, it's not that Benedict XVI has a blanket policy against personal references. During his recent trip to Angola, he said that he could identify with their experience of civil war because of his own memories as a youth in war-torn Germany.
Early indications are that even longtime Jewish friends of the Catholic church may be left slightly cold by Benedict's words.
Rabbi David Rosen, a longtime veteran of Jewish-Catholic dialogue, told NCR this afternoon that the most important thing is that Benedict went to Yad Vashem in the first place, and that his comments on Holocaust denial were valuable.
Nonetheless, Rosen said, "it's disappointing that he didn't use this opportunity to go further, and acknowledge the tragic connection between the teaching of contempt and Jewish suffering."
On the other hand, some Jewish leaders seemed to stress gratitude for Benedict’s presence at Yad Vashem, almost apart from what he said.
"It’s not a great day for those who reject peaceful co-existence," Rabbi Arthur Schneier told NCR. A Holocaust survivor, Schneier hosted Benedict XVI last April when he visited the Park East Synagogue in New York.
Schneier also said that the pope’s speech at Yad Vashem should be read in the context of his strong words this morning at the Tel Aviv airport about fighting anti-Semitism, as well as his reference to the bonds between Christianity and Judaism at Mount Nebo in Jordan just days ago.
This is the second occasion when a speech by Benedict XVI at a key site associated with the Holocaust has drawn mixed reviews. When he visited Auschwitz three years ago, he suggested that the Nazis attempt to eradicate the Jews was ultimately an attempt to eradicate God, and thus to destroy "the tap root of the Christian faith." Some critics took that as an attempt to minimize the uniqueness of Jewish suffering in the Holocaust.
Benedict said that standing at Yad Vashem's reflecting pool and seeing the faces of victims, "their cry still echoes in our hearts." He pledged that the Catholic church "is committed to praying and working tirelessly to ensure that hatred will never reign in the hearts of men again."
"It is a cry raised against every act of injustice and violence," the pope said. "It is a perpetual reproach against the spilling of innocent blood."
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John L. Allen Jr. is NCR senior correspondent. His traveling with Pope Benedict XVI in Jordan, Israel and the Palestinian Territories May 8-15. Read NCRonline.org daily for his dispatches from the Holy Land.
The stories he has filed so far:
Benedict rides 'peace train' to Nazareth (May 14)
Church in Israel struggles to find its Hebrew voice (May 14)
Today, Benedict belonged to the Palestinians (May 13)
Pope strikes new balance in the Old City (May 12)
The pope and the Hitler Youth, in Benedict's own words (May 12)
Analysis: Benedict's timeless touch noble, but tricky (May 12)
At Yad Vashem, what pope doesn't say makes waves (May 11)
Pope in Israel mends fences, but doesn't pull punches (May 11)
Pope calls on Mideast Christians to perservere (May 10)
Benedict XVI sets new papal record for mosque visits (May 9)
Even in Jordan, Christian-Muslim ties not always easy (May 9)
Emphasis on Islam makes pope's trip an original (May 8)
Five challenges await pope on Middle East swing (May 7)
Pope's Holy Land pilgrimage a huge roll of the dice (May 7)





I watched it life via
I watched it life via satellite today. I thought it was prayerful and appropriate. Christ is risen! Alleluia! Alleluia!
I find it appalling that
I find it appalling that Benedict is so insensitive to so many groups who have suffered. This man is no shepherd. He is short sighted, narrow minded and the wrong man for this period of challenges. Hopefully, this will be the last right wing Bishop of Rome for a generation. If not, the next one will finish off the process of decay that has been in progress during the last two papacies. The Holy Spirit is allowing this process of decay because it is time for a Catholic church that reflects Christ's teachings instead of an imperial Roman court of corrupted and misdirected authority.
Rabbi Arthur Schneier is
Rabbi Arthur Schneier is correct. Pope Benedict's words were moving and touching. It is not about him and his personal experiences. Chris Smith is an angry young man and his comments have no relation to the topic of the article. We need to pray for Chris!
Maybe Chris Smith is angry
Maybe Chris Smith is angry about a couple of macroscopic facts, gaffes, whatever you want to call them. Like feeling alarm when the Pope does not stay the course with humanity. Let me suggest that you come and visit Rome, where our far right- rapidly going fascist government is walking in perfect sync with the madness coming out of the Vatican. One can only hope that the Pope’s errors are due to naïveté and lack of the experience/leadership skills in trying times, but the collaboration with our fascist government is astounding. It would appear that the pope has also learned from our prime minister Berlusconi, that microscopic gaffes lead to excellent PR/press attention. Since a nauseating collaboration this winter with Berlusconi’s government on a delicate feeding tube case, Pope Ratzinger is on all public and private TV stations every day, whether there is a story of any substance or not. (Giovanni Paolo was on the news a few times a month just to give a yardstick). We might as well just throw humanity in the garbage, which is what many are doing in refusing to see, feel and respond (SPEAK UP) to the truth that something is astray here, and then insult the honest and courageous like Chris Smith. Love is not a formula or a politic, and thank god people like Chris can speak from their heart because what is coming down is awfully alarming. And what is not said speaks for itself, and mistakes of the magnitude we have seen are creating enormous damage. Damage of conscience. Conscience is the worst enemy of fascism. And fascism is growing rapidly in Italy again. Isn’t being in touch with our conscience a message of Christ? Isn’t fighting for humanity and its dignity love? Or shall we play the who is included and excluded game?
Stephanie, you need to come
Stephanie, you need to come to the United States if you think things are bad in Italy. The Obama Administration is bringing us to our ruin. God bless all people of all land. Pope Benedict is the man God has appointed to lead His Church at this time. How blessed are we!!
Dear Milbo1, I have yet to
Dear Milbo1,
I have yet to hear one gaffe of Obama that excludes humanity. When the rules of religion go against humanity and our loving spirit, it is time to examine our hearts and minds. I would say that colluding with who negates the holocaust and advising Africa against proven scientific knowledge that condoms do help against Aids(the scientific community and Ngo’s that have worked for years tirelessly) are mistakes of macroscopic scope. I think that when Pope Ratzinger gets sick he calls upon the scientific community and uses a doctor. I am sure you already know that 70-80 percent of Europe would have voted for Obama could they have (and many felt they should have been able to because Bush wrecked devastating damage globally) and that the last 20 years with majority rule of Republicans, having gone more and more hawkish and deregulatory have created a global economic situation that may well be more devastating than a world war. (America may well buy itself out of this but not all countries have such resources). Not by chance that Fascism is peculating again. Literalism is always very dangerous, and it is not the language of the soul. The language of the soul is pluralistic, diverse, creative. It finds unity in the diverse. It brings together, in love. Obama did not plant these seeds, American’s did. And despite devastating, global threatening problems, Obama has much love, support and consensus in America and around the world. I ask my heart, why in the world would anyone resist this?
Stephanie, No wonder Europe
Stephanie, No wonder Europe is in the shape it is in. You (not you as an individual, but in the plural sense) have lost your values. I'm afraid that when you hit rock bottom, the USA, under Obama will not be able to save you again as we have done in the past. As for condoms and AIDs in Africa, my dear,you need to read what this holy man of God has said. He is right on target. God bless Pope Benedict XVI---May he live a hundred years!
The pope's gestures and words
The pope's gestures and words were beautiful and very moving... especially the symbolic references about names...God knows our names...imagining the parents antipating the birth of a child and the excitement of choosing his/her name...then the dispair of remembering their names as victims.
The focus was entirely on the VICTIMS, not on the pope. It wasn't, nor should it be about HIM.
Understandably, the survivors of the Shoah would likely never be satisfied with what the pope could say. What words could possibly make up for their pain and loss.
I was very touched by Benedict's poetic address and his consoling manner with the survivors.
Last night when I watched the
Last night when I watched the Pope talk about the names of each who died in the Holocost being remembered it brought tears to my eyes. I could see he was visibly touched. There are many painful experiences all of us never talk about. What more could he have said: I'm sorry I was required to join the Hitler youth; I am sorry my cousin was exterminated because he had Downs syndrome. I'm sorry I was forced to dig tank traps on the eastern front.
We can be rediculous sometimes. This man remembers. And as he has said: the people who did these things were all baptized Christians. That was a great sorrow to him. i think he goes very deep and I am sick of seeing him criticized for ridiculous things that the rest of us do every day. I am no right wing ideologue but I think he spoke from the heart. We expect too much.
I also watched the Yad
I also watched the Yad Veshem-visit live and I agree with everyone who experienced the Pope's words as deeply moving. It struck me forcibly that he put himself in the shoes of the Shoah victims and their families. What I experienced was precisely the highest degree of empathy and sorrow. He did NOT push himself and his own feelings forward in that space which is almost hallowed for the Jews. That would be, sorry to say Mister Allen, cheap.
And why should he have harped on the fact that he is a German?? Everyone knows that. While he sat there, listening to what was said before he could speak, the words "German Nazi's" were loudly uttered again and again and again by the Jewish speakers.
The Pope's address could not be more clear. How anyone can think that he was NOT speaking about the horrors brought about by the German Nazi's, boggles the mind. And this was not the first time he spoke about it. Everyone knows that too.
However, people here, and some Jews, want still more from the Pope. Would they be satisfied if the Pope takes the entire responsibility for the Holocaust on himself? I sincerely doubt it. For some people no amount of breast beating and expressions of guilt will ever satisfy, especially if the person guilty had the bad luck to have been born a German Catholic before the Second World War.
As to the guilt of Christianity for the Shoah: did the Nazi's (Hitler especially) murder Jews because of their religion, or because of racial hatred and intolerance in the first - and probably last - instance? That so many Christians went along with that ideology will always be a blot on our religion, but I'm beginning to doubt that it was motivated at all by the so called "Christ-killers" mentality.
By the way: I am not a Catholic. I have however a deep respect for the Pope and his writings, his words, his integrity. I found it highly ironic that the first words of Mr Allen on CNN after the Pope's address at Yad Vashem, came over as criticism of Benedict XVI. "Missed opportunity", Mr Allen? I sat there shaken and profoundly moved by Benedict's delivery and the content of his address and you came and threw cold water on all that. If this is how Benedict's Catholic "friends" (??) publicly assess him, does he need enemies?
I feel sorry for the Pope.
I feel sorry for the Pope. Give him a break, please! He's doing his best and he's not Pope John Paul II with the same kind of charm. Nevertheless, he's trying, and so what if he doesn't say all the right things at the right time. He's not as endearing to me as Pope John Paul II, but I respect his humility and honesty in light of a couple of mistakes.
As I said previously, 'give
As I said previously, 'give the Pope (Benedict) a break! I feel sorry for him. He's doing the best he can. It must be tremendously uncomfortable to be so scrutinized by the Rabbis! After all, he has spoken sympathetically about the Holocaust and also implictly contradicted the Bishop who denies that millions of Jews were killed in the gas chambers. I was there in Auschwitz and I saw first hand and personally the gas chambers and evidence of the genocide that took place there. I'm praying for the Pope.
Father Michael Burke, OP
New Orleans, LA, USA
I believe one point to keep
I believe one point to keep in mind is that Yad Vashem is a memorial to Jews slaughtered by the Nazis, who were no Christians. Possibly he did not wish to run into the opposite problem by being accused of linking Christians with Nazis.
The howl of complaints is not
The howl of complaints is not surprising many Jews will not be satisfied until we deny Christ and that is the truth
Having Middle Eastern
Having Middle Eastern relatives, this time I would have to rate my observations on this topic as a step above amateur, quasi-amateur, should we say? OK here goes:
1. Blogger buddies, I would throw in the towel and say, "Yah, John Allen is right, sincerity and speaking from the heart, and telling your own PERSONAL LIVED EXPERIENCE (meaning the Pope could have recounted his own German experience as a youth in Hitler times) you just can't go wrong with that...." EXCEPT there really is a War going on over there. There is real anger, to the point of hatred, with lots of real weapons and lots of real bombs. So my guess is that the Pope thought he should use non-inflammatory speech. However, I can't honestly say that that was the best choice. It was possibly the least "riot-causing".
I wasn't able to hear/read THE ENTIRETY of any of the May 2009, Holy Land, Papal Visit SPEECHES, so my observations for now are not in complete context (and would be most ideal in the context of ALL the delivered papal speeches of this Holy Land event).
Besides the NCR online articles, which I also have only participated in PART OF, so far, I only saw one (PBS) McNeil-Leherer News Hour discussion with some footage of the Pope's visit, accompanied with (luckily) an analysis of John Allen's. (Good Job John Allen, by the way!)
Let's be more humble blogger buddies. This Peace Process stuff is complicated and hot! I've been immersed in Middle Easterners' real experiences for decades, and even with years of focused background,
just seeing&hearing the part of that one Papal speech, and the one analysis, it went by too fast for me. I would need to hear both parts of that PBS TV report two or three times, to catch everything with all the nuances; much less digest and carefully ponder it.
Believe me blogger buddies, and world family: the Middle East situation requires a lot of digging into history, to really understand the historical interweaving, and emotional ups and downs of these Palestinian people (of all THREE religious traditions) who have been trying to emotionally survive/not get killed, during DECADES OF DEADLY CONFLICT. And now to point 2:
2. As I begged in an earlier blog, two earlier NCR blogs actually, we Americans can make a difference in the terrible/horrible Middle East situation. Millions and millions of American tax DOLLARS, for years, have been sent to the Israeli Jewish government funding expensive weapons, like Israeli planes dropping bombs. PLEASE WAKE UP TO THIS FACT. We can and must as Christians, do something about the American taxpayers' contribution to decades of a desperate life from hell in the Holiest of Holy lands. We need to rattle Congress' cages, or more Christian/Jewish/Moslem children will be killed/maimed.
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