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Theologians need to heed science story
THEOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF SCIENCE
By John Polkinghorne
Published by Yale University Press, $26
The past 50 years have seen the birth and flourishing of what have come to be called contextual theologies -- theologies that take seriously the particular experiences and challenges of a specific setting. Liberation and feminist theologies arise out of the context of the insights of the poor and of women. Theologies that arise out of Southeast Asia or Africa have provided rich ways of shaping theological thinking.
John Polkinghorne is an Anglican priest and scientist, winner of the 2002 Templeton Prize for outstanding achievements in linking science with religion. In his latest book Polkinghorne argues that the insights of modern science also provide rich context for theology. The dialogue between science and religion in our time, he feels, can contribute significantly to creative theological thinking.
“Science has discovered that the fabric of the cosmos is shot though with signs of mind, but it does not know why this should be so. Theology can render this discovery intelligible, through its understanding that the Mind of the Creator is the source of the wonderful order of the world.”
Polkinghorne cites, for example, important scientific discoveries made over the last two centuries about the existence of “deep time” -- the immense span of gradually unfolding process that brought into being present forms, beginning with discoveries in geology. Today we know the Earth is 4.5 billion years old and the universe itself has an age of 13.7 billion years.
These vast time scales, he says, at least should encourage in the theological mind “the idea that the Creator God is not in a hurry.”
He also points to theology’s “parochiality” that ignores the vast scale of the universe, focusing only on planet Earth. “Yet the Sun is an ordinary star among the hundred thousand million stars of our galaxy, the Milky Way, and the Milky Way itself is a pretty ordinary galaxy among the hundred thousand million galaxies of the observable universe.” What are the role and meaning of the human in such a vast place? Theologians need to consider these questions.
Rich Heffern is an NCR staff writer. His e-mail address is rheffern@ncronline.org.





We need more aricles like
We need more aricles like this. This knowledge keeps our faith in God rock solid.
Boy do I agree. I love my
Boy do I agree. I love my father dearly, but he firmly believes it is sinful to believe the earth/universe is any older than 4-5 thousand years. He says we are being 'fooled' by science. The larger institutional church needs to be much more vocal and open about how theology and science together can point to the immensity and creativeness of God.
I just saw a great
I just saw a great documentary on tv about the Jesuits who are astro physiciasts, astronomers and scientists who work in the observatory on the top of the papal summer residence in Italy, as well as the university of Arizona observatory and who lecture at the university. One describes himself as maybe someone who could be labelled 'heretic' yet he questions faith just as Jesus has asked us to use all our minds, and to ask questions and make requests of God (Matthew, nt).
It is called "Gallileo's Sons" and was made in 2003. It was excellent.
It is interesting to note
It is interesting to note that the Jesuit Scientist in this documentary was fired from the Vatican Academy of Sciences for a lack of obedience to the beliefs of the curia. He first went to the University of Washington for a year and will probably find no difficulty finding scientific employment in the US or Europe. If I am not mistaken, he was appointed by Pope Paul VI but became a casualty of the view points promoted by Cardinal Ratzinger an Pope John Paul II. I want to point this out because the Vatican Academy has virtually no embryologists in its employment that have worked with stem cells of any sort. It is very hard for the curia to look to points of view other than their own. When they listen to something different, it is with the idea of how can they tone anything down that does not agree with them. Yet none of the curia are even scientists.
Peace and understanding,
R. Dennis Porch, MD
Yes I was saddened to find
Yes I was saddened to find out that this brilliant astronomer scientist, university teacher Jesuit fired. No religious freedom, no freedom of religious or scientific thought is allowed by the pope. An impoverished education, an impoverished church and spirituality is what is happening to the Catholic institutions and church due to PJII and PBXVI.
Yes I was saddened to find
Yes I was saddened to find out that this brilliant astronomer scientist, university teacher Jesuit fired. No religious freedom, no freedom of religious or scientific thought is allowed by the pope. An impoverished education, an impoverished church and spirituality is what is happening to the Catholic institutions and church due to PJII and PBXVI.
It is remarkable to me how
It is remarkable to me how easily educated men and women are prepared to impose what are metaphysical assertions upon the minds of the rest of us, all dressed up as if they were scientific facts.
It is a metaphysical assertion, not a scientific fact, to claim that "Today we know the Earth is 4.5 billion years old and the universe itself has an age of 13.7 billion years."
We know no such thing. Both these figures have changed dramatically over the last few decades, and it is certain they will change again.
Both of these figures are based upon assumptions which are themselves insusceptible of scientific demonstration. Both figures assume that radioisotopes have emerged naturally from a "Big Bang" event after which no elements but helium and hydrogen were initially present.
There is no scientific evidence whatsoever for this. It is merely a metaphysical assumption, adopted as a logical consequence to another metaphysical assumption, a "Big Bang".
There is, however, extremely persuasive scientific evidence that the "hot Big Bang" cannot account for observations (for example, we have observed quasars redshifted at z>4, with greater-than-solar metallicities. This cannot possibly be squared with the 13.7 billion year Big Bang fairy tale).
Additionally, it has been widely acknowledged that Big Bang theorists have had repeated recourse to entities, never observed (Cold Dark Matter, Dark Energy, etc), which are hypothesized to exist, because their existence is required to rescue the Big Bang from fatal contradictions in the face of scientific observations.
The terrifying eagerness with which many alleged Catholics are prepared to toss out Revelation and Tradition in every instance where these sources conflict with the ever-shifting, contradiction-riddled, collapsing edifice of "Standard Cosmology", tells us why the Scripture warns us about "itching ears":
2 Tim 4:3 "For the time will come when men will not put up with sound doctrine. Instead, to suit their own desires, they will gather around them a great number of teachers to say what their itching ears want to hear."
Wonderful theological
Wonderful theological reflection is being done on this cosmology. I would highly recommend readers look at an Australian theologian called Denis Edwards who has written a series of theology books based on the new cosmology. The one I found most enthralling was The God of Evolution, - A Trinitarian Theology. It opens up a journey into our fundamental beliefs and totally reinvigorates our basic doctrines - like the Trinity. How alleged Catholics can have problems with this blows my mind. What are they up to?
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