Benedict’s timeless touch noble, but tricky

May. 12, 2009
Israeli Rabbi Meir Lau reaches out to Pope Benedict XVI during a ceremony in the Hall of Remembrance at Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial in Jerusalem May 11. (CNS/Reuters)
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Jerusalem

News Analysis
Pope Benedict XVI's visit yesterday to Yad Vashem, Israel's main Holocaust memorial, had been billed coming into this trip as a make-or-break moment, a key test of whether the pontiff could mend fences with Jews after several recent setbacks. This morning, the lead commentary in Haaretz, Israel's leading daily, carried this reaction: "Benedict's speech showed verbal indifference and banality."

Safe to say, that's not exactly the headline the Vatican was hoping for.

To be sure, other Jewish commentators so far have been far more positive, accenting the importance of the pope's choice to visit Yad Vashem and his firm commitment to Holocaust remembrance. A striking number of critical voices, however, saw the visit as a missed opportunity. (Notably, those voices included the chairman of the board of directors at Yad Vashem.)

Aside from some relatively minor points of word choice – that Benedict said Jews had been "killed," not "murdered," and that "millions" of Jews died rather than "six million," even though he cited that figure in an earlier speech at the Tel Aviv airport) – the main thrust of the criticism centered on three points missing from the speech:

  • Acknowledgment of the role that Christian anti-Semitism played in shaping attitudes that led to the Holocaust;
  • Reference to Benedict's own biography as a German who saw the horrors of the Nazi regime with his own eyes, and who had himself been drafted into the German army;
  • Regret for the recent strain in Catholic/Jewish ties caused by the lifting of the excommunication of four traditionalist bishops, including one, Richard Williamson, who is a Holocaust denier.

For the record, Benedict did not hit any of these points today either during his visit to Jerusalem's fabled Western Wall. In 2000, John Paul II left a note in the Western Wall asking forgiveness for "the behavior of those who have caused these children of yours to suffer." This morning, Benedict XVI left a note asking God to "send peace upon this Holy Land, upon the Middle East, upon the entire human family."

Since it was entirely predictable that the absence of these three points from the Yad Vashem speech would stir reaction, the $64,000 question becomes: Why didn't Benedict say it?

It would be easier to answer if it were clear that Benedict didn't actually think these things – that is, if he didn't believe that anti-Semitic attitudes among Christians played any role in the Holocaust, or that his personal experience is irrelevant to what Yad Vashem symbolizes, or if he felt no regret for the Williamson affair. Then his decision not to say them would make all the sense in the world.

In fact, however, Benedict is on record as thinking and saying the precise opposite.

In December 1990, then-Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger wrote a blunt essay for L'Osservatore Romano acknowledging that too many Christians failed to resist the lure of anti-Semitism, and that this failure contributed to the Holocaust. In his autobiography Milestones, he wrote at length about the lessons he learned from growing up in the shadow of Hitler and the Nazis, and during his 2006 visit to Auschwitz he spoke of the significance of being "a German pope" and "a son of Germany" in that place. Just weeks ago, he addressed a letter to all the bishops of the church expressing his deep anguish over the Williamson case.

So once again, the inevitable question: Why didn't he say any of this at Yad Vashem?

Jesuit Fr. Fedrico Lombardi, the Vatican spokesperson, attempted to answer that question in a session with reporters today in Jerusalem.

"He does not have to repeat every time, in every speech, all the points he has made in the past about the tragedy of the Holocaust," Lombardi said. "Many people who have not listened on other occasions to what the pope has said expect him to repeat it every time, but this is not possible."

That's certainly a point. Yet inevitably, there's a difference between saying it in an article in L'Osservatore Romano or in a letter to bishops, and saying it at Yad Vashem – when virtually every major news network in the world is carrying the event live, and when it's one of the rare occasions when the pope has unfiltered access to the Israeli and Jewish "street."

One could argue, of course, that Benedict did not want to tarnish the significance of the Yad Vashem visit by using his speech to put out fires or score PR points. It's also true that Benedict is legendary for thinking in centuries, implying that his main concern is rarely what tomorrow's headline might be.

Yet Lombardi seemed to hint at a deeper logic for the way Benedict chose his words. The theme of the speech, Lombardi insisted, was "memory," and that's where the pontiff placed his focus.

In fact, the most dramatic line from the speech came near the end. Meditating aloud on the sight of the reflecting pool at Yad Vashem, where the faces of Holocaust victims gaze back at visitors, Benedict said the memory of those who were lost "is a cry raised against every act of injustice and violence … a perpetual reproach against the spilling of innocent blood."

Perhaps the key words in that line of thought are "every" and "perpetual." At monuments to evil such as Auschwitz and Yad Vashem, Benedict seems compelled to offer reflections which are deliberately universal and timeless.

In both cases, he clearly acknowledged the specificity of Jewish suffering in the Holocaust, and resolved to ensure that such crimes are never repeated. Nonetheless, Benedict XVI seems to see such settings – not just Holocaust memorials, but also, for example, the site of the 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York, which he visited last April – as eternal reminders of the seductive power of hatred. One has the impression that to him, it would fail to do justice to what these places represent if he were to turn the focus upon himself, or recent events and plans of action, or even too much on the historical particularities of the location.

In a sound-bite, he seems to believe that occasions for grappling with the deepest and most painful mysteries about God's plan require something more from a pope than good image management.

Put that way, of course, it sounds quite noble. The fly in the ointment is that Benedict is nonetheless pope in the here and now, and whatever he does and says – or, in this case, fails to say – has immediate real-world consequences: For inter-faith relations, for the public image of the Catholic church, for his capacity to get a hearing, and across the board. Thinking in centuries when you speak in public is a marvelous academic disposition, but it can be a tricky business for a leader on the global stage.

Whatever one makes of Benedict's approach to these moments, however, one thing seems clear after four years, which has been reinforced this week: This is who Benedict XVI is, and he's not likely to change simply because day-after headlines don't break his way.

-------------------------------------------------------------

John L. Allen Jr. is NCR senior correspondent. His traveling with Pope Benedict XVI in Jordan, Israel and the Palestinian Territories May 8-15. Read NCRonline.org daily for his dispatches from the Holy Land.

The stories he has filed so far:

Benedict rides 'peace train' to Nazareth (May 14)
Church in Israel struggles to find its Hebrew voice (May 14)

Today, Benedict belonged to the Palestinians (May 13)

Pope strikes new balance in the Old City (May 12)
The pope and the Hitler Youth, in Benedict's own words (May 12)
Analysis: Benedict's timeless touch noble, but tricky (May 12)

At Yad Vashem, what pope doesn't say makes waves (May 11)
Pope in Israel mends fences, but doesn't pull punches (May 11)

Pope calls on Mideast Christians to perservere (May 10)

Benedict XVI sets new papal record for mosque visits (May 9)
Even in Jordan, Christian-Muslim ties not always easy (May 9)

Emphasis on Islam makes pope's trip an original (May 8)

Five challenges await pope on Middle East swing (May 7)
Pope's Holy Land pilgrimage a huge roll of the dice (May 7)

Unfortunately, what the pope

Unfortunately, what the pope does not seem to understand is that when he makes these "public relations gaffes", no matter what he personally believes, how personally holy he is,or how doctrinally correct his statements may be, is that he marginalizes the papacy, and by extension, the Church. If we, as the Church, are to engage the modern world, whether to successfully evangelize or create a culture of life, or have any effect on it whatsoever, people will have to believe that we are worth listening to, and that we have something worthwhile to say. That's not going to happen if the pope keeps offending everyone he addresses. The result will be, and unfortunately is, that because people are offended by the messenger, they turn off the message.

Sadly, what you say is true.

Sadly, what you say is true. The Holy Father, I'm sure, has no intention of offending anyone (except, perhaps, the Devil, but that's another story). The true difficulty lies in what wimps we have all become. Everyone wears his heart on his sleeve these days and just looks for reasons to be offended (I'll bet someone would be offended by my usage of the masculine pronouns in this sentence, for heaven's sake!). I am disgusted by the whining and complaining I hear on the news and read all over the web; this person whining because that person said something that was considered offensive, even though he or she may not have even intended to offend anyone!

People are offended because the Pope did not apologize enough, or show enough contrition or remorse, for something he did not even cause. People are offended because the Church is not apologetic enough for saving too few lives during the Holocaust (forgetting that the Church herself was a victim of the Holocaust as St. Maximilian Kolbe can attest).

Pope John Paul II apologized for any role the Church played in persecution of the Jewish People for the last 2000 years. Is every Pope going to be forced to offer the same apology? Should Benedict be forced to attend a "sensitivity workshop"? Will he be expected to apologize for even being a German next?

They are only "gaffes"

They are only "gaffes" because people like John Allen say they are, again and again and again. He makes his entire career as a "journalist" saying what the pope did wrong. Were this a liberal pope, we all know how the NCR coverage would be.

Mr Allen: this is a very nice

Mr Allen: this is a very nice piece of work. It is insightful. Thanks for showing sympathy for the Pope. Another consideration: the implications of Benedict's reading of Biblical texts (Lamentations etc). What he has done, as Pope, is to give a Jewish reading of the Bible in Jerusalem with the Holocaust in mind. I don't think that there could be a more profound statement of the significance of Judaism for the Church than this. Isn't this B16's ANSWER to the history of Christian anti-semitism? IMO this is, in the long term, more convincing and instructive than an 'apology'. It makes theological sense, rather than PR points.

Katrina comments: "...this

Katrina comments: "...this is, in the long term, more convincing and instructive than an 'apology'. It makes theological sense, rather than PR points." While the Pope does seem to be doing good things in the Middle East, a papal visit is sort of an epochal event, not just for him but for all Catholics. It is important for him to say all the things that need to be said in the here and now, with respect to the future implications rather than the reverse. Our religious head emerged/emerges from some murkey ground personally and professionally. He will likely not be back there; regardless of how he might have "touched upon" these matters here or there previously this was the moment to say it directly to the here and now people affected and let the historians and theologians reflect in the year whatever.

I agree with this person.

I agree with this person. But unfortunately, we live in a very shallow culture, where the profound significance of Benedict's theological thought would get lost. The culture seems to only understand "political correctness" and good PR.

Today’s Times, in common with

Today’s Times, in common with several other papers, says the Pope “walked out” of an interfaith meeting in Jerusalem yesterday when a Muslim cleric made an overtly political speech about the Israel/Palestinians issue, in terms that were abusive of their Israeli hosts.

http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/middle_east/article6273220.ece

But did the Pope really “walk out”? The Israeli papers say he sat through the speech to the end, then accepted the Muslim cleric’s handshake, and only then left the room. He sat silently through the ten-minute speech (Jerusalem Post) or six-minute speech (Haaretz), not understanding it, because there was no simultaneous translation and the text had not been circulated beforehand. But the Holy See's Secretary for Relations with States, equivalent to Foreign Minister, who must presumably have been right there in the room, is Dominique Mamberti, a French priest, said to be an Arabic speaker: he was born and brought up in Marrakesh where his parents were French settlers. Why did Mamberti fail to tip off the Pope about the contents of the speech while the cleric was still talking?

Frankly I'm sick of everyone

Frankly I'm sick of everyone constantly attacking the Pope and these so called gaffes. He says "six million" at the airport and then gets attacked for saying "millions" and killed instead of murdered. He will never satisfy some of these people and I for one am glad he doesn't try. I watched the ceremony and his speech and thougth it was beautiful, a meditation for a quiet religious spot. We, and by this I mean journalists, give far too much space to these people who parse every word to see how they can be hurt by it. Enough is enough.

Amen. Amen. AMEN!! Now,

Amen. Amen. AMEN!!

Now, just tell John Allen and those who wanted a liberal pope (read America Magazine and Commonweal).

I am beginning to wonder if

I am beginning to wonder if there is any way to satisfy Jewish critics of the Pope. I am fascinated that people who stand outside of Catholicism place such weight on the words of the Pope that his comments are parsed so minutely that there does not seem to be any way to satisfy anyone.

While this pope has certainly made some grievous errors of communication, I would like to point to the continuing Catholic-Jewish collaboration that takes place at every level of church life. To me that is far more important that if the pope pronounced on the Holocaust in precisely the words some search for.

The Pope speaks from the

The Pope speaks from the heart and speaks the truth. His focus is long term - he seems comfortable speaking and acting in a way to help bring peace for generations to come.

Do you realize why many

Do you realize why many people today are indifferent to Israel and the Holocaust? The Jews want everybody to bend their kness at their suffering. Many people over the centuries have suffered. What apalls me is that the Jews are making a big deal over words (as they did at an Aushwitz commemoration years ago). First of all is the complaint that the Pope said "killed", not "murdered." Next he said "millions", instead of "six million." Do you understand why many people in the world get tired of the Jews" refusal to move on with life. Sorry, but other people suferred (think Palestinians). They don't quibble over words.

I apologize for the victims of the horrific crime against the Jews, but The Jews, especially of Israel tire me and turn me off.

The left side of the aisle

The left side of the aisle embraces a philosophy that it is the Pope Benedict's responsibility to continually communicate self-flageration. They align themselves with anti-Catholics who are never satisfied with a true Catholic Pope. John, clever wordsmith that you are does not hide your submission to the NCR agenda.

Being one who finds this pope

Being one who finds this pope trying to make the church go backwards and more obedient which I disagree with, I never-the-less agree with keeping the timeless and universal theme to these horrors. The jews have slaughtered people in their past and in their present. They are not free of the taint of this evil. Christians were killed in like number by Hitler; acknowledging only the jews changes just how much evil was in the Hitler regime. Slaughters go on around the world in all eras and until we recognize the evil is in people to do it again and again rather than to just the jews in WWII, it will not end. I applaud Pope Benedict for taking the universal approach at this time. Giving in to every whim of a people who think they are more deserving than they are willing to offer others is not the way forward. I know he has made mis-steps. I don't feel this is one of them.

The "cry against every act of

The "cry against every act of injustice and violence" and the "reproach against the spilling of innocent blood" that Benedict speaks of surely includes the holocaust which the Zionists have been inflicting upon the Palestinians for the past 61 years.

All in all, I think he (and

All in all, I think he (and the Church) would be better off if he stayed home and focused on his book. He doesn't have the skills to deal with tricky situations in person. http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,624253,00.html

"WHAT THE POPE DOES NOT SEEM

"WHAT THE POPE DOES NOT SEEM TO UNDERSTAND" - these are the pompous, haughty words with which "David A" begins his withering attack on Pope Benedict. He's one of those armchair generals who has no sense of history, probably has never been oveseas, has little humility and lots of lingering and unhealed bitterness in his heart against the Catholic Church. He criticizes the Pope for these "public relations gaffes" and says "the pope keeps offending everyone he addresses." Have you no shame, Sir! Can't you see the beautiful things that are happening under your eyes? John Allen showed a lot of sensibility and finess in describing the Pope's historic visit to the Holy Land, where he met Muslims, Jews and Christians as brothers and sisters. You couldn't care less about "the messenger or the message." You wouldn't be talking about our own President -- or most all other world leaders -- in this cruel and unfair way. Pope Benedict is a special gift to our times.

I found the comment that John

I found the comment that John Allen represenns the "left" to be extremely childish.
Allen tries to present the most positive sides of Benedict (which helps explain the access he has to many top Catholic officials.)
Allen had laid out in advance that BXVI had set out a difficult task for himself in a world frauight with tensions and damgers.
The issue is not what one is"tired" of hearing -which sounds quite narcissistic, but whether Benedict has done a good job in the strengthening of relations among different parties and enhancing peace.
From news reports, not prejudiced views from those who would just adulate what a Pope does, a reaonable assessment so far has been it's a mixed bag.
Because there will be so much parsing of his words and actions in a very tense arena, BXVI needed to be super scripted.
It didn't always seem to happen.

Perhaps the problem is that

Perhaps the problem is that he is a German born Pope. It his country who murdered the Jews. He is not just the Pope but he is also a German. Perhaps that is why it might be more important for the as a German. It is true Palistinians, Russians, Africans, Chinese, Native Americans and I might also add Germans themselves have all suffered. There is no limit to man's inhumanity across history. However, a planned, systematic building of concentration camps many with crematoriums or rather ovens and furnaces, gas chambers is suffering on a different scale. I myself am German born and know how difficult it is to live with the consequences of the Nazi Third Reich.

Amen!!

Amen!!

I just don't think God nor

I just don't think God nor his middle management do Marketing and PR.
If God did, I don't think we would have the utter failure of the Cross continually casting its shadow through history.

"The Cross cannot be defeated for it is defeat."
GK Chesterton

I have read widely about the

I have read widely about the holocaust in all is ramifications for the Jewish people who suffered incredibly even unto death for six million of the Jewish people, and of the venom of largely Christian peoples whose inhumanity and evil grew the holocaut, over eighteen centuries indelibly marked by consistent unchristian thinking, rationalization, and inhuman behavior. Six million died, were murdered. Those same six million, and thousands of others suffered living brutality under Nazi and Christian rule in the years leading to the holocaust.

All that having been said and clearly remembered does not justify the present-day actions of the Israeli state. I find some comments about the pope (I am no great admirer of him) and others, more than a trifle hypocritical on the part of the powers that be in the state of Israel.

Peter Carey, SJ

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